Experiment: Constructors

This lab experiment demonstrates the implementation and use of different types of constructors in C++. Constructors are special member functions that are automatically called when an object of a class is created.

1. Default Constructor

A default constructor is a constructor that either has no parameters, or if it has parameters, all the parameters have default values. It initializes the object with standard or default values.

cpp

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
  
class Product{
private:
  int ProductID;
  string ProductName;
  float price;
public:
  // Default constructor
  Product() {
    ProductID = 6082026;
    ProductName = "Unknown";
    price = 0.00;
  }
 
  void display() {
    cout << "Product ID: " << ProductID << endl;
    cout << "Product Name: " << ProductName << endl;
    cout << "Product Price: " << price << endl;
  }
};
 
 
 
int main() {
  Product P1;
  P1.display();
  
  return 0;  
}

2. Parameterized and Copy Constructor

A parameterized constructor takes arguments to initialize an object with specific values. A copy constructor initializes an object using another object of the same class.

cpp

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
  
class BOX{
private:
  int length;
  int breath;
  int height;
public:
  // Parameterized constructor - 
    BOX(int l, int b, int h) {
      	length = l;
      	breath = b;
      	height = h;
    }
 
  void displayVolume() {
    cout << "Volume: " << length*breath*height << endl;
  }
};
 
 
 
int main

3. Combining Default and Parameterized Constructors

A class can have multiple constructors (Constructor Overloading). Here is an example of a class having both a default and a parameterized constructor.

cpp

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
  
class Movie{
private:
  string name;
  float rating;
public:
  // Default constructor
  Movie() {
    name = "Unknown";
    rating = 0.00;
  }
  
  // Parameterized constructor - 
    Movie(string Name, float Rating) {
      	name = Name;
      	rating = Rating;
    }
 
  void display() {
    cout << "Name: " << name << endl;
    cout

Summary

Constructors are special member functions called when an object is instantiated.
Default constructors initialize objects with baseline values and take no arguments.
Parameterized constructors allow initializing objects with specific values at the time of creation.
Copy constructors create a new object as a copy of an existing object.
Constructors can be overloaded within a class to provide different ways of initializing objects.

Assessed progress

Experiment: Constructors

Experiment: Constructors

1. Default Constructor

2. Parameterized and Copy Constructor

3. Combining Default and Parameterized Constructors

Summary

Key Concepts

Default Constructor

Parameterized Constructor

Copy Constructor

Quick Check

Object Oriented Programming

Object Oriented Programming